Cite this article as:
Tolochek V. . Terra incognita of vitality problem: Open issues. Part 2. Izvestiya of Saratov University. Educational Acmeology. Developmental Psychology, 2021, vol. 10, iss. 3, pp. 209-219. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18500/2304-9790-2021-10-3-209-219
Terra incognita of vitality problem: Open issues. Part 2
The relevance of studying resilience is among other things conditioned by faster evolution of social objects, increase in general uncertainty, lack of stability, complexity and ambiguity of the dynamics of their state, which, in their turn, lead to an increase in the requirements for adaptation mechanisms of an individual and social groups (families, collectives, sports teams, managerial or project teams); the importance of an individual’s socio-psychological and psychological resources is increasing. Not all spontaneously formed adaptation mechanisms of individual and group subjects are developed in a timely manner, correspond to life situations or change optimally in accordance with changes in the purposes and requirements of the environment. The purpose of the study is to investigate human resilience under conditions of uncertainty; the subjects of the study are social and psychological mechanisms and resources of human resilience; the research methods are historical and theoretical analysis and analysis of the empirical research results. The hypothesis is that maintaining resilience of an individual and social groups through the development of prosocial behavior mechanisms according to the specific model (prototype) is the first stage. Subsequent stages of resilience development presuppose formation of adaptation mechanisms initiated and supported by the evolution of the subject’s “internal conditions”. It is stated that the two states of a person are considered within the boundaries of historically formed paradigms: “below the norm” and “within the norm” of social, psychological and physical functioning. Its characteristics are described by such concepts as “improvement”, “positive adaptation”, “preservation”, “optimal state”, etc. Resilience is viewed as the person’s achievement and maintenance of “social homeostasis” with an orientation towards pro-social behavior models of others and reproduction of such models. Individual’s advancement to a higher level of social functioning and his/her positive professional evolution are often associated with repeated changes and complications of the social conditions of social environment (medium), with the growth in its “resistance”; they remain understudied and retain a kind of “terra incognita” status. One of the possible and probable approaches that contribute to overcoming the binary thinking of the historically established paradigm can be the use of a new methodology, i.e. construction of system triads (that recreate social objects’ integrity) and linear triads that restore the sequences of social objects’ syntheses when they are integrated into systems of a greater generality.
- Makhnach A. V. Zhiznesposobnost’ cheloveka i sem’i: sotsial’no-psikhologicheskaya paradigma [Human and Family Vitality: Socio-Psychological Paradigm]. Moscow, Institute of Psychology of the RAS Publ., 2016. 459 p. (in Russian).
- Masten A. S., Obradović J. Competence and resilience in development. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2006, vol. 1094, pp. 13–27. DOI: 10.1196/annals.1376.003
- Tolochek V. A. Terra incognita of viability probem: Open issues. Part 1. Izvesyiya of Saratov University. Educational Acmeology. Developmental Psychology, 2021, vol. 10, iss. 2, pp. 108‒117 (in Russian). DOI: 10.18500/2304-9790-2021-10-2-108-117
- Vodop'yanova N. E. Profilaktika i korrektsiya sindroma vygoraniya [Prevention and Correction of Burnout Syndrome]. St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg State University Publ., 2011. 160 p. (in Russian).
- Demin A. N., Demina I. V. The Problem of Adaptation to the Speed of Social Processes. Human capital, 2020, no. 10 (142), pp. 80‒88 (in Russian). DOI: 10.25629/ HC.2020.10.05
- Druzhilov S. A. Professional-Destructive Activity as a Manifestation of Professional Marginalization and Deprofessionalization. Moscow University Psychology Bulletin, 2017, no. 2, pp. 45‒63 (in Russian). DOI: 10.11621/ vsp.2017.02.45
- Makhnach A. V., Dikaya L. G., eds. Zhiznesposobnost’ cheloveka: individual’nye, professional’nye i sotsial’nye aspekty [Human Vitality: Individual, Professional and Social Aspects]. Moscow, Institute of Psychology of the RAS Publ., 2016. 256 p. (in Russian).
- Laktionova A. I. Zhiznesposobnost’ i sotsial’naya adaptatsiya podrostkov [Vitality and Social Adaptation of Adolescents]. Moscow, Institute of Psychology of the RAS Publ., 2017. 396 p. (in Russian).
- Tolochek V. A. Psikhologiya truda [Psychology of Labor]. St. Petersburg, Piter Publ., 2020. 480 p. (in Russian).
- Shingaev S. M. Psikhologicheskoye obespecheniye professional'nogo zdorov'ya menedzherov [Psychological Support of Managers’ Professional Health]. St. Petersburg. SPbGU Publ., 2011. 192 p. (in Russian)
- Beck U. Risikogesellschaft. Auf dem Weg in eine andere Modeme. Frankfurt am Main : Suhrkamp, 1986. 396 S. (Russ. ed.: Beck U. Obshchestvo riska. Na puti k drugomu modernu. Moscow, Progress-Traditsiya Publ., 2000. 384 p.).
- Virilio P. Indirect Light. Extracted from “Polar Inertia”. Theory, Culture & Society, 1999, vol. 16, iss. 5–6, pp. 57–70. DOI: 10.1177/02632769922050863
- Standing G. The Precariat: The New Dangerous Class. London, New York, Bloomsbury Academic, 2014. 209 p. (Russ. ed.: Standing G. Prekariat: novyi opasnyi klass. Moscow, Ad Marginem Press Publ., 2014. 328 p.).
- Kalleberg A. L. Good jobs, bad jobs: The rise of polarized and precarious employment systems in the United States, 1970s−2000s. New York, Russell Sage Foundation, 2011. 356 р.
- Sverke M., Hellgren J. The Nature of Job Insecurity: Understanding Employment Uncertainty on the Brink of a New Millennium. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 2002, vol. 51, iss. 1, pp. 23–42. DOI: 10.1111/1464-0597.0077z
- Baudrillard J. Le système des objets. Gallimard, 1991. (Russ. ed.: Baudrillard J. Sistema veshchey. Moscow, Rudomino Publ., 2001. 256 p.).
- Sennett R. The Corrosion of Character: The Personal Consequences of Work in the New Capitalism. New York, London, W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 1998. 184 p. (Russ. ed.: Sennett R. Korroziya kharaktera. Novosibirsk, Moscow, FSPI “Trends” Publ., 2004. 324 p.).
- Nestik T. A., Zhuravlev A. L. Attitude Towards Global Risks: Socio-Psychological Analysis. Psychological Journal, 2018, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 127–138 (in Russian). DOI: 10.7868/S0205959218010129
- Tolochek V. A. Style Characteristics and Interaction of Managers in Management Structure. Moscow University Psychology Bulletin, 1995, no. 3, pp. 11–19 (in Russian).
- Tolochek V. A. Psikhologicheskoye obespecheniye professional’noy deyatel’nosti. Metodiki professional’nogo otbora [Psychological Support of Professional Activities. Professional Selection Methods]. Moscow, Yurayt Publ., 2018. 186 p. (in Russian).
- Prokhorov A. M., total ed. Bol’shoy entsiklopedicheskiy slovar’ [Big Encyclopedic Dictionary]. Moscow, Bol’shaya Rossiyskaya entsiklopediya Publ., 2002. 1456 p. (in Russian).
- Barantsev R. G. Sinergetika v sovremennom estestvoznanii [Synergetics in Modern Natural Sciences]. Moscow, Editorial URSS Publ., 2003. 144 p. (in Russian).
- Tolochek V. A., Sizova L. A., Vilches-Nogerol V. V. Business Communication Styles, Social Experience of a Subject, Company Environment: Interaction Effects. Izv. Saratov Univ. (N. S.), Ser. Educational Aсmeology. Developmental Psychology, 2019, vol. 8, iss. 4 (32), рр. 321–333 (in Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.18500/2304-9790-2019-8-4-321-333
