The purpose of the study presented in the article is to explain the notion of the term “child and adult community” as a new tendency in the development of collective upbringing, to show its role in the upbringing and development of a modern school child, single out the directions and techniques for teachers’ work aimed at finding and maintaining the community which involves school children. The article outlines theoretical and methodological foundations of the functioning of the child and adult community as a condition and resource for upbringing and development of modern schoolchildren.