понимание

The goal of this research is to study the process of understanding as a form of productive thinking aimed at solving problematic situations. We demonstrated that the understanding of a meaning of a work of art, which unfolds as a dialogue between two subjects: the author and the reader/audience, can serve as a model for understanding the problematic situation. The standard for understanding is the meaning laid down by the author.

The paper presents an approach developed by the author of the study to addressing special features of the attitude to diseases and health conditions of different groups of people, including children and families with disabilities, and to addressing the problems and components of their rehabilitation. The study directs special attention at understanding as the leading modality of productive comprehension of health problems and their transformation, which is an important component of a person’s recovery and healing and his/her relationship with oneself and the world.

Анализируются три реальности, в которых живет человек, – эмпирическая, социокультурная  и  экзистенциальная.  Показано,  что  человек  одновременно  существует  в  разных  реальностях и понимает их на неодинаковых психологических основаниях. Психологическим основанием понимания суждений о фактах эмпирической реальности оказывается одинаковое для всех людей значение, а не индивидуальный личностный смысл. В этом случае понимание  основано  на  общеизвестном  достоверном  знании,  которое  М.